Monday 7 October 2013

Is there more to Narrative?

Narrative has many other parts to it. Here's an introduction to Story and Plot.



The narrative is the overall experience of a film. It includes all scenes screened and viewed directly by the audience and the scenes created in the heads of the audience, but not necessarily depicted within the footage, this allows the director to show the scale of time without having to depict every second.
    For example if you wanted to include burning a building down you might have a shot of: 

The preparation (Pouring oils and or alcohol on objects).
A match being struck and thrown on the floor.  
Ashes floating in the air.

 The audience would add up all the parts in between in their heads that the character has set alight to the building. But the plot is only the scenes the audience have seen directly - the scenes i mentioned without the scenes mentally added.




Narrative is defined as
 “a chain of events in a cause-effect relationship occurring in time"
-(Bordwell & Thompson, Film Art, 1980).

Diegesis - The internal world created by the story that the characters themselves experience
 and encounter.


Narrative Range
Unrestricted narration – A narrative which has no limits to the information that is
presented i.e. a news bulletin.
Restricted narration – only offers minimal information regarding the narrative i.e.
Thrillers

The news won't hide any information because they are not afraid of directly upsetting anyone (unless it is a national tragic event) so they will give everyone all of what is known without any missing links from many perspectives. Whereas the idea of restricted narration is hiding pieces of the puzzle and either allowing the audience to figure out what happened by themselves or keeping up the suspense to keep their audience engaged. It could also be because you follow a certain character through their life.   

Narrative Depth
Subjective character identification – The viewer is given unique access to what a range of characters see and do.

Objective character identification – The viewer is given unique access to a
character’s point of view such as seeing things from the character’s mind, dreams,
fantasies or memories. 

Then it can be more complex:


Modular Narratives “articulate a sense of time as divisible and subject to manipulation”.
Cameron has identified four different types of modular narrative:


  • Anachronic.
  • Forking-Path.
  • Episodic.
  • Split Screen.



Anachronic  - Modular narratives involve the use of flashbacks and/or flashforwards, with no clear dominance between any of the narrative threads. These narratives also often repeat scenes directly or via a different perspective. Examples include: Pulp Fiction and Memento.

Forking-path -  Narratives juxtapose alternative versions of a story, showing the possible outcomes that might result from small changes in a single event or group of events. The forking-path narrative introduces a number of plotlines that usually contradict one another. Examples include Groundhog Day, How I Met Your Mother and Run Lola Run 

Episodic  - Narratives are organised as an abstract series or narrative anthology.Abstract series type of modular narrative is characterized by the operation of a nonnarrative formal system which appears to dictate (or at least overlay) the organization of narrative elements such as a sequence of numbers or the alphabet.Anthology consists of a series of shorter tales which are apparently disconnected but share a random similarity, such as all ‘episodes’ being survivors of a shipwreck. Various Simpsons episodes and How I Met Your Mother.

Split screen - Narratives are different from the other types of modular narrative discussed here, because their modularity is articulated along spatial rather than temporal lines. These films divide the screen into two or more frames, juxtaposing events within the same visual field, in a sustained fashion. Examples includeTimecode.

1 comment:

  1. at the moment this post is more than 50% my worksheet - you need to add far more of Matthew's creation / analysis and thoughts - add examples where you deconstruct or provide a synopsis of a variety of films that illustrate each critical theory/narrative code

    perhaps upload a short clip
    or
    produce a talking head video

    ReplyDelete